Effectiveness of Non-Invasive ventilation among Post Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) Subjects – A Narrative review
Keywords:
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV), Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG), Pulmonary complications (PC).Abstract
Background
The effectiveness of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) as a prophylactic and therapeutic measure in reducing post-operative pulmonary problems in CABG patients is debatable. This clinical evaluation outlined the viability of NIVs and the risk factors for NIV failure.
Methods
This narrative review comprised extensive electronic and manual searches of relevant existing literature data from 1985 to August 2022 (the previous 37 years) from Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane database. Studies were considered for inclusion if they satisfied four criteria:
(A) patients over the age of 18 who had had cardiac surgery (both genders), (B) structured NIV intervention, (C) randomized controlled trials, and (D) NIV intervention merits and demerits.
Discussion
In this clinical analysis, we look at the prevalence of pulmonary sequelae after CABG and the efficacy of NIV as an additional therapy in postoperative CABG patients to reduce or avoid postoperative pulmonary complications. Furthermore, this clinical review provides some recommendations, indications, and cautions for using NIV in the postoperative CABG population as an effective alternative treatment to improve atelectasis, functional capacity, tissue perfusion, and pulmonary function, as well as reintubation rate reduction, acute post-extubation respiratory failure, and hospital stay.
Conclusions
This clinical investigation shows that NIV can be used as a preventative and therapeutic approach to avoid or reduce pulmonary problems following CABG. Long-term NIV therapy administered immediately after extubation was found to lower the frequency of pulmonary complications in patients who had had cardiac surgery. Therefore, cardio-respiratory physiotherapists and physicians must identify the subset of postoperative pulmonary complications that will benefit most from NIV treatment. Further high-quality RCTs are recommended in future studies.
