Gene therapy using MnO2 nanoparticles

Abstract

Due to its unique tumor microenvironment (TME)-sensitive breakdown, O2 generation, and GSH depletion, the MnO2-based nanostructure has been widely used as an efficiently enhanced therapeutic medication to inhibit tumor development or even eradicate tumor tissue. From controllable manufacturing of MnO2 nanobuilding blocks to targeting tumor accumulation, working mechanisms to enhance therapeutic efficacy, and necessary considerations for building all-in-one nanoplatforms, this review systematically summarized strategies for designing all-in-one MnO2-based nanoplatforms for accurate and synergistic therapy. MnO2-based nanostructures are a promising functional nanocarrier to construct all-in-one nanoplatforms due to their controlled size and shape, high specific area and low production costs. Large-scale production and monodispersing in various cultural media are the current primary barriers to future biomedical usage.This review addresses techniques to create MnO2 nanoparticles for accurate, synergistic treatment. Clinical studies may leverage the all-in-one nanoplatform to boost treatment performance. Some significant problems need to be resolved before it can be utilized for clinical studies. Material manufacturing, reproducible preparation, and maintaining blood circulation function are still a challenge. Following intravenous injection, accurate monitoring of material dispersion in live beings and assessing the biological long-term consequences of materials on organisms are major issues.