Itraconazole-loaded nanocrystals development and characterization for the treatment of ophthalmic fungal infection

Abstract

For a long time, ophthalmic medications have been among the most significant and developed areas of pharmaceutical technology. Scientists' ongoing fascination with these drug formulations is primarily due to issues with the medication's poor absorption following application to the eyeball. One of the earliest changes to traditional ophthalmic drug formulations was the addition of polymers, which allowed for extended contact times between the active ingredient and the ocular surface, boosting bioavailability. Drug typically, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and necessary stabilizers are the only components of pure solid drug crystals known as nano crystals. According to the Noyes- Whitney and Ostwald-Freundlich equations, nano crystals can more effectively improve drug absorption and bioavailability than conventional formulations by increasing the saturation solubility and dissolution velocity of poorly soluble drugs. These nano crystals have particle sizes in the nanometer range (100-1000nm).