Association of serum Uric acid levels with Fasting Blood Glucose in Type II Diabetics and healthy individuals

Abstract

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a global health emergency, with its prevalence increasing rapidly in developing countries like India. Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with various micro- and macrovascular complications, including altered uric acid metabolism, which can impact patients' well-being and increase morbidity. Objectives: To compare the uric acid levels between diabetic individuals and age-matched controls in the western part of South India. Methods: The study included 50 diabetic patients (HbA1c ≥6.5% and fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL) aged between 30 and 60 years as cases. An equal number of age-matched volunteers attending a master health check-up department were enrolled as controls. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, lactation, anti-hyperuricemic medication use, renal or hepatic disorders, and known cardiovascular disease. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting, postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1c levels were recorded for all participants. Serum uric acid levels were also measured. Results: Uncontrolled diabetic participants showed significantly higher blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), pulse rate, uric acid levels, serum creatinine, and LDL compared to controls. The prevalence of high systolic blood pressure, high diastolic blood pressure, elevated uric acid levels, high creatinine, and elevated LDL was higher in diabetic cases. Conclusion: Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with elevated uric acid levels, which may contribute to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Managing blood pressure and glucose levels is crucial in diabetic care to reduce the risk of complications and improve patient outcomes. Regular monitoring, lifestyle modifications, and appropriate medications are essential to achieve better control and minimize morbidity in diabetic patients.