Assessment Of Antimicrobial Proficiency and Enzymatic Screening of Actinomycetes Isolated from Rajakkamangalam Mangroves

Abstract

Mangroves are a distinctive woody plant community that can be found on tropical and subtropical intertidal shores. The mangrove ecosystem, which is still completely unexplored, has tremendous opportunities for discovering unusual actinomycetes with distinctive characteristics that are capable of creating a variety of novel bioactive chemicals, including enzymes, antibiotics, and anticancer agents. Mangrove ecosystems are among the most productive and have special environmental characteristics, although they have received the least attention. Mangrove soil-isolated actinomycetes have been shown to generate antimicrobials, antivirals, antioxidants, and anticancer chemicals in addition to industrial enzymes like lipase, cellulase, protease, and pectinase. The majority of the aerobic actinomycetes are gram-positive, filamentous, branching bacteria that develop slowly and are only partially acid-fast. Actinomycetes are capable of producing a wide range of biologically active secondary metabolites, including cosmetics, vitamins, food additives, antibiotics, insecticides, anti-parasitic agents, and enzymes.

In the current study, actinomycetes that were isolated from the soil sediments of the Rajakkamangalam mangrove in the Kanyakumai District of Tamilnadu, India, were tested for their enzymatic and antibacterial properties. On Starch Casein Agar, four actinomycete isolates were discovered using the spread plate method. When extracellular enzymes including amylase, protease, lipase, and gelatinase were screened for in the isolated actinomycetes, it was discovered that the majority of the isolates produced amylase and protease activity. By using the spot inoculation method, the isolate RE2 was discovered to have the maximum antibacterial activity against the pathogens of aquaculture, including Stapylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio harveyi, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Using their biochemical and morphological characteristics, Streptomyces sp. was determined to be a very effective isolate.