Genetic preponderance associated with periodontitis in Indian population- Systematic review

Abstract

Periodontitis is similar to other human disease is considered complex multifactorial disease. The interaction between the host and the bacteria is essential to understand the process of pathogenicity in periodontal disease. However, the amount of variability in host response to the pathogenesis to oral disease displayed the polymorphism in the host gene response. This systematic review is about the genetic preponderance in relation to periodontitis. Based on the online search, 43 articles were identified, 2 articles were removed being the duplicates, 41 were screened with standard inclusion and exclusion criteria. studies conducted in various subsets of Indian population (4 studies in North India, 5 in Eastern India and 24 approx. in South India) with a overall sample size of 2988 (1875 South + 816 East and 297 North) subjects including both aggressive and chronic forms of periodontitis and 2927 (1708 South + 921 East and 298 North) healthy subjects were included. Out of 33 studies there are 21 studies on cytokine polymorphism, eleven on polymorphism related to receptors ie FcyR (2 study), TLR-4, TLR-9, CD-14 (one each), Cox (2 studies), miR 499 (1 study) and VDR (4 studies). More Nationwide association studies on gene polymorphism among healthy and periodontitis subjects must be carried out for identifying causative gene for early diagnosis in Indian populations.