Understanding Helicobacter Pylori Pathogenesis: Prevalence And Molecular Mechanisms

Abstract

An estimated 4.4 billion individuals worldwide are affected by Helicobacter pylori infection, with its prevalence varying significantly across the globe, reaching its peak in Africa (70.1%) and lowest in Switzerland (18.9%). This persistence is particularly marked in developing nations and is primarily attributed to low socio-economic status and inadequate sanitation. Helicobacter pylori infection has been linked to various pathological conditions, posing a substantial challenge to the global health community.

This review offers an extensive overview of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its correlation with disease outcomes, drawing upon numerous case studies and emphasizing the significance of detection through gastric biopsy. Additionally, this review presents recently uncovered molecular mechanisms that contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying events that drive the epidemiological impacts. The data and mechanistic pathways presented herein contribute to more effective regulation of Helicobacter pylori infection and support the development of innovative pharmaceutical solutions for treating associated clinical conditions.